What causes a first seizure?
First seizures can be caused by many factors including fever, low blood sugar, alcohol withdrawal, head injury, brain infections, stroke, brain tumors, or genetic epilepsy. In about 50% of cases, no specific cause is found (idiopathic). An epileptologist can help determine the cause through EEG and MRI testing.
Will I have another seizure after my first one?
After a first unprovoked seizure, about 40-50% of people will have another seizure within 2 years. The risk is higher if your EEG shows abnormalities or if your MRI shows a brain lesion. Your doctor can assess your individual risk.
Should I go to the hospital after a first seizure?
Yes, you should go to the emergency room after a first seizure. Doctors need to rule out serious causes like stroke, infection, or brain tumors. They will likely do blood tests, a CT scan, and possibly an EEG.
Can I drive after a first seizure?
In most countries, you cannot drive for a period after a seizure - typically 6 months to 1 year depending on local laws. In India, there is no specific law, but doctors recommend not driving for at least 6 months after a seizure. Consult your neurologist for guidance.
Do I need medication after a first seizure?
Not always. After a single unprovoked seizure, starting medication is a shared decision between you and your doctor. Factors include: EEG findings, MRI results, type of seizure, and your risk tolerance. Many doctors wait for a second seizure before starting medication.
What tests will I need after a first seizure?
Standard tests include: Blood tests (glucose, electrolytes, infection markers), EEG (electroencephalogram) to check brain electrical activity, and brain MRI to look for structural causes. Some patients may need additional tests like lumbar puncture or specialized MRI protocols.
How long does a seizure last?
Most seizures last 1-3 minutes. A seizure lasting more than 5 minutes is a medical emergency called status epilepticus and requires immediate medical attention. This is why timing seizures is important.
What should I do if someone has a seizure?
Stay calm and time the seizure. Protect the person from injury by clearing hard objects. Turn them on their side. Do NOT put anything in their mouth. Do NOT restrain them. Call emergency services if the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes or if they don't wake up afterward.